Forgotten Civilization: The Role of Solar Outbursts in Our Past and Future by Robert M. Schoch

Author:Robert M. Schoch [Schoch, Robert M.]
Language: eng
Format: epub, mobi
Published: 2016-02-12T16:00:00+00:00

What distinguishes a vitrified fort? The stone walls and structures have been subject to intense heat, to the point where some of the rocks have melted and fused, forming masses of material that can resemble the slag produced when smelting and refining metals, similar to materials produced during some types of volcanic eruptions. It is referred to as vitrification (the Latin word vitrum means “glass”) because the melted rock can solidify as a crude, generally dark, glass, which hundreds or thousands of years later may not look much like glass at all to the untrained eye. In order to melt and vitrify the rock, incredibly high temperatures are required—on the order of 1,000° Centigrade. The vitrification typically occurs on the tops and outer surfaces of the rock walls and not in their interiors. The big questions are, How could this occur, and why? Before we address these questions, we need to consider another thorny issue: the time frame of the vitrified forts, which in turn bears on the issue of how the forts may have been vitrified.

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